Uniform Diophantine approximation and best approximation polynomials
Volume 185 / 2018
Abstract
Let $\zeta$ be a transcendental real number. We introduce a new method to find upper bounds for the classical exponent $\widehat{w}_{n}(\zeta)$ concerning uniform polynomial approximation. Our method is based on the parametric geometry of numbers introduced by Schmidt and Summerer, and transference of the original approximation problem in dimension $n$ to suitable higher dimensions. For large $n$, we can provide an unconditional bound of order $\widehat{w}_{n}(\zeta)\leq 2n-2+o(1)$. While this improves the bound of order $2n-{3/2}+o(1)$ due to Bugeaud and the author, it is unfortunately slightly weaker than what can be obtained when incorporating a recently proved conjecture of Schmidt and Summerer. However, the method also enables us to establish a significantly stronger conditional bound upon a certain presumably weak assumption on the structure of the best approximation polynomials. Thereby we provide strong evidence that the known upper bounds for the exponent are crude.
